Adaptability performances of some soft wheat (Triticum aestivum var. aest. L.) cultivars in the Marmara region of Turkey

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the adaptability and stability of 7 wheat cultivars, viz., Cumhuriyet-75, Momtchill, Tosun-22, Gemini, Katea-1, Kirkpinar-79 and Atilla-12 under Bursa conditions for nine years between 1986 and 1996. The trials were conducted at the Research and Application Center of Faculty of Agriculture located at Gorukle Campus of Uludag University.

Cultivars were sown in October in 10 x 12-m plots, which were arranged as a randomized complete block design with four replications. In the study in which grain yield was used a criterion to determine stabilities of soft wheat cultivar, three stability parameters: regression coefficient (b), mean squares of deviation from regression (S(2)) and determination coefficient (r(2)) values were calculated. The years were considered as an environment in the study.

According to the results, genotype x environment interactions for grain yield was highly significant. Thus, the stabilities of seven soft wheat genotypes were different for grain yield. According to the stability parameters, Momtchill, Katea-1, Gemini and Kirkpinar-79 were stable, while Atilla-12, Tosun-22 and Cumhuriyet-75 were no stable for grain yield. Genotypes Tosun-22 and Atilla-12 could be considered as having high adaptability to poor condition, but Cumhuriyet-75 adapted to good environments. On the other hand, the genotypes Momtchill, Kate-1 and Kirkpinar-79 whose yields were higher than mean yield of trial (5310 kg ha(-1)) could be considered as having good adaptability to all environments.