Düzce ili yığılca ilçesindeki arıcılık faaliyetleri üzerine bir çalışma

Abstract

Düzce ili Yığılca ilçesi coğrafik yapısı, bitki örtüsü ve kendine özgü bir arı ekotipine sahip olması bakımından, arıcılık için oldukça avantajlı bir konuma sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Düzce ili Yığılca ilçesindeki arıcılık faaliyetlerinin mevcut durumunu değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu değerlendirmede arıcılık faaliyetleri, Yığılca’nın merkez ve köylerindeki rasgele seçilmiş 73 arı yetiştiricisine uygulanan anket çalışması ile saptandı. Bu çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak, çoktan seçmeli ve açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan anket formu kullanıldı. Bu anket çalışmasında sorulan 26 soru ile arıcıların birlikler ile olan ilişkileri, arıcılığa başlama nedenleri, öğrenim durumları, bal verimleri, üretilen arı ürünleri, hastalık ve zararlılar ile mücadele ve ana arı üretimi gibi birçok konu hakkında ayrıntılı veri elde edildi. Elde edilen verilere göre, Düzce ili Yığılca ilçesindeki arıcılığın genel durumu saptandı. Arıcılık faaliyetlerindeki eksiklikler eğitim, ürün pazarlama, damızlık ana üretimi veya temini, hastalık ve zararlılar ile mücadele olarak ortaya kondu. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmanın Yığılca’daki arıcılık faaliyetlerinin önceliklerinin ve eksikliklerinin saptanması açısından yararlı olduğu ve daha sonra yapılacak çalışmalarda yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Yigilca town of Duzce province has a quite advantageous position in terms of having a distinctive bee genotype, topography and flora. This study was conducted to evaluate present status of beekeeping activities in the Yigilca town of Duzce province. In evaluation, beekeeping activities were determined through the questionnaire study applied to arbitrary 73 beekeepers in centre and 26 villages of the Yigilca. Questionnaire form consisting of multiple choice and open ended questions was used as data collection tool in this study. The detailed data were acquire about many issues such as the relationship of beekeepers and associations, reasons to start beekeeping, educational backgrounds, honey yields, bee products produced, struggling with disease and pest, queen bee breeding, the reason of the bee loses and care and feeding with 26 questions asked in this questionnaire study. In analyses of total data were employed by using SPSS 15.0 package software. According to the data acquired, general situatian of beekeeping in Yigilca town of Duzce province was determined. The 3 % of the total beekeepers has never taken any education, While 70 % of total beekeepers had 5 years of education, 7 % of total beekeepers had 8 years of education, 14 % of total beekeepers had 11 years of education, 6 % of total beekeepers had university education. It has been found that 73 % of the total was member of beekeeper union. 79.5 % of total were stationary beekeepers and 1.4 of total were migratory beekeepers. 97.2 % of beekeepers consider beekeeping as a source of additional income. 13 % of the beekeepers kept records of colonies. When the answers about the winter feeding of the honey bee colonies were evaluated, it has been found that 56.2 % of beekeepers fed their colonies before winter; beekeepers had lack of knowledge at the rate of 87 % about disease diagnosis and varroa is the main disease problem in Yigilca. On the other hand 80.8 % of beekeepers lost some colonies due to pesticides. Despite great problems about varroa and pesticides, only 33 % of the beekeepers applied to veterinary. The shortcomings in beekeeping activities were verified as education, marketing of the product, queen bee breeding and supply, struggling with disease and pest. This study determined that general situation of beekeeping and problems. Also solution of these problems was suggested in the present study. As a result, it is thought that this study was useful in terms of determination of deficiencies and priorities of beekeeping activities in Yigilca district and it would be a guiding in subsequent studies.