Manyas (Kuş) Gölü balıklarının helmintofaunası

Abstract

Ocak-1997, Kasım-1998 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma kapsamında, Kuş (Manyas) Gölü balık faunasında yer alan türlerden Blicca bjoerkna (L.), Chalcalbumus chalcoides (L.), Cyprirms carpio (L.), Gobius jluviatilis (L.), Rutilus mtilus (L.), Scardinius erythropthalmus (L.) ve Vimba vimba (L.)'daki helminthler belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucu Monogenea' dan 8 tür parazitin {Gyrodactylus scardinii, Dactylogyrus chalcalbumi, Dactylogyrus comu, Dactylogyrus crucifer, Dactylogyrus difformis, Dactylogyrus extensus, Dactylogyrus sphyrna, Diplozoon homoiori) solungaçlarda; Cestoda'dan 5 tür (Caryophyllaeus laticeps, Caryophyllaeides fennicus, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, Ligula pavlovskii, Ligula intestinalis) ile Nematoda'dan 2 tür (Pseudocapillaria tornentosa ve Eustrongyltdes excisus) parazitin de balıkların vücut boşluğu ve sindirim borularında bulundukları tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda 7 balık türünden 974 balık bireyinde 15 parazit türüne ait toplam 84162 birey toplanmıştır. Bu parazitlerin balık türlerine göre dağılımı ise şu şekildedir: 121 Blicca bjoerkna bireyinde 553 adet Dactylogyrus sphyrna ile, 38 adet Caryophyllaeus laticeps. 118 Chalcalbumus chalcoides bireyinde 232 adet Dactylogyrus cahalcalburni ile, 2 Ligula intestinalis. 159 Cyprinus carpio bireyinde 79313 adet Gyrodactylus scardinii, 1363 adet Dactylogyrus extensus, 74 adet Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, 20 adet Caryophyllaeus laticeps ile, 135 adet Pseudocapillaria tornentosa. 170 Gobius Jluviatilis bireyinde 27 adet Ligula pavlovskii ile, 270 adet Eustrongylides excisus. 123 Rutilus rutilus bireyinde 528 adet Dactylogyrus crucifer, 4 adet Diplozoon homoion ile, 4 adet Ligula intestinalis. 135 Scardinius eryihrophihalmus bireyinde 1203 adet Dactylogyrus difformis ile, 14 adet Caryophyllaeides fennicus. 148 Vimba vimba bireyinde 635 adet Dactylogyrus cornu ile, 17 adet Caryophyllaeus laticeps.IV Yukarıda belirtilen türlerden Gyrodactylus scardinii, Dactylogyrus cahalcalbumi, Dactylogyrus comu, Diplozoon homoion, Caryophyllaeides fennicus, Ligula pavlovskii, Pseudocapillaria tomentosa ve Eustrongylides excisus Türkiye helminth faunası için yeni kayıttır. Türlerin morfolojik-anatomik özellikleri ve karakteristik yapılan fotoğraf, şekil ve tayin anahtanyla ayrıntılı olarak açıklanmıştır. Ayrıca herbir balık türündeki parazitlerin ortalama enfeksiyon değerleri, minimum ve maksimum yoğunlukları, mevsimlere ve balık boyuna göre değerlendirilerek çizelgeler yardımıyla açıklanmıştır.

In this study, parasites of following fish species were investigated in Lake Kus (Manyas) from January- 1997 to November- 1998. These fish species are Blicca bjoerkna, L.; Chalcalburnus chalcoides, L.; Cyprinus carpio, L.; Gobius fluviatilis, L.; Rutilus rutilus, L.; Scardinius erythropthalmus, L. and Vimba vimba, L. At the end of this research, 8 species of Monogenea (Gyrodactylus scardinii, Dactylogyrus chalcalburni, Dactylogyrus comu, Dactylogyrus crucifer, Dactylogyrus difformis, Dactylogyrus extensus, Dactylogyrus sphyrna, Diplozoon homoion) on gill of the fishes; 5 species of Cestoda (Caryophyllaeus laticeps, Caryophyllaeides fennicus, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, Ligula pavlovskii, Ligula intestinalis) and 2 species of Nematoda (Pseudocapillaria tomentosa ve Eustrongylides excisus) were found in the abdominal cavity and digestive tract of fishes. Total of 974 specimens from 7 different fish species were investigated and 84162 parasites which belong to 15 different species were identified in various body parts of these fish species. The distribution of this parasites in various fish species were given below. In 121 fish specimens of B. bjoerkna; 553 D. sphyrna and 38 C. laticeps were found. In 118 fish specimens of C.chalcoides; 232 D. chalcalburni and 2 L. intestinalis were recorded. In 159 fish specimens of C. carpio; 79313 G. scardinii, 1363 D. extensus, 74 B. acheilognathi, 20 C. laticeps and 135 P. tomentosa were determinate. In 170 fish specimens of G. fluviatilis; 27 Lpavlovskii and 270 E. excisus were identified. In 123 fish specimens of R. rutilus; 528 D. crucifer, 4 D. homoion, 4 L. intestinalis were recorded. In 148 fish specimens of V. vimba; 1203 D. difformis and 14 C. fennicus. In 135 fish specimens of S. erythropthalmus; 635 D. comu and 17 C. laticeps were recorded. Among these parasites described in above mentioned study, Gyrodactylus scardinii, Dactylogyrus cahalcalbumi, Dactylogyrus cornu, Diplozoon homoion, Caryophyllaeides fennicus, Ligula pavlovski, Pseudocapillaria tomentosa and Eustrongylides excisus are the new records for helminth fauna of Turkey. Morphologic, anatomic and characteristic structure of these parasite species were described using photos, figures and species of keys. In addition, infection density of parasites were analysed using seasonal and fish size distribution result for each fish species.